Resumen

QUIROS-ALPIZAR, José L et al. Triple-Negative Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Incidence and Clinical - Pathological Characteristics. Acta méd. costarric [online]. 2010, vol.52, n.2, pp.90-95. ISSN 0001-6002.

Aim: The epidemiological behavior of malignant tumors in our country has undergone an important change during the last years, Breast carcinoma has increased its incidence, occupying the second place in malignancies in women and the first one in mortality. This type of tumor has characteristic features from the immunohistochemistry, standpoint since they can express different receptors such as estrogens, progesterone and HER2 or receptor 2 of epidermal human growth factor. It is known that carcinomas that do not express any of these 3 receptors have worse prognosis. Our objective is to define the main characteristics of the so called triple negative tumors and determine their rol within the total group of breast carcinomas. Methodology: All cases of breast cancer seen at the Pathology Department of the Hospital San Juan de Dios, from January 1 to December 31, of 2006 were included if they had immunohistochemistry studies. The age of the patient;s, and the histological type and degree of differentiation of each one of the tumors was recorded. The triple negative group was separated and an statistical analyses was undertaken utilizing the Epi Info 3.3.4 program. Results: Of 221 patients diagnosed with breast carcinomas, 40 patients were identified as triple-negative cancer, giving an incidence of 18% (I.C. 95%, 12,79 - 23,40), they had an average age of 54 years (I.C. 95%, 50 - 58 ) with a median of 52 and mode of 48. Likewise, triple-negative cancer individuals were more related with ductal infiltratiing: 67,5% (I.C. 95%, 51,73-83,26), followed by unfiltrating lobular:12,5% (I.C.95%, 4,18 - 26,80), medular, 5 % and with other such as papillary Regarding the degree of differentiation, 23 cases were III degree, 8 were II degree , and 3 were I degree. Conclusion: Triple-negative breast cancers affect young women, are of higher histological grade, have larger tumor size and have a more aggressive clinical behavior, and preferentially they are of infiltrating ductal histological type. The incidence in our study seems to be higher than the one reported in the world literature. Due to the fact that this was based only on determination of receptors, other tests might be necessary such as CK5/6 and 17 stains to verify the cases. In addition, in this study a high proportion of tumors were of lobular type, other tests might be indicated such as e-cadherin to verify the cases of lobular carcinomas to increase in this way the reliability of results.

Palabras clave : breast cancer; triple-negative; immunohistochemistry; progesterone and estrogen receptors; HER-2.

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