Resumo

SIERRA FERNANDEZ, Hernán; SCHULTZ FAINGEZICHT, Malka; LOAIZA MENDOZA, Cecilia  e  ARGUEDAS MOHS, Adriano. Otitis media: conceptos actuales. Acta méd. costarric [online]. 2004, vol.46, n.3, pp.125-131. ISSN 0001-6002.

Otitis media is one of the most common causes of consultation among the pediatric population. The pathogens most frequently isolated from middle ear fluid are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes. Antimicrobial resistance patterns vary by region and their knowledge is considered important in order to achieve proper antimicrobial selection. In Costa Rica the microbiology of patients with acute, recurrent and tteattnent failure otitis media has been recently analyzed. The results of these studies indicate that amoxicillin at 50 mg/kg/day for 10 days should be considered first line of therapy for patients with acute otitis media. In patients with recurrent otitis media, therapeutic failures or in patients at risk of having a penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the second line agents should be considered.

Palavras-chave : otitis media aguda; otitis media recurrente; otitis media falla terapéutica.